Introduction
So, you're new here? Well, first of all, WELCOME! You're probably wondering what you've gotten yourself into. But, don't worry... we're here to help! Wrestling is likely very different from many sports your child has already participated in. It can be overwhelming at first. From scoring, to the difference between meets and tournaments, to the way your child is matched up with other wrestlers, there is a lot to learn in your wrestler’s first year. This page was designed to help you understand the sport of wrestling and answer many common questions that first year parents have. As club parents, these are all things we learned on our own, and hopefully it will help you through your first season.
Best Advice: ASK, ASK, ASK!!!
Don’t be shy, wrestling is not an easy sport to figure out. We have a very friendly group of knowledgeable coaches and parents in our club, and NO ONE will think less of you for asking lots of questions. With everything involved, there really is no dumb question. No one expects you to go to the first practice or meet or tournament and be a wrestling expert after reading this guide. Please, please, please ask people questions. You will learn more from that than anything else!
Besides learning, asking questions will make you familiar with the coaches and parents in the club, in turn making the club more closely knit. Before you know it, you’ll know all the parents in the club and be cheering for their children on the mat at meets and tournaments. As a parent, I can say one of the greatest aspects of wrestling is how close everyone in the club is, from the wrestlers, to the coaches to the parents. The bonds you form in wrestling are unlike those in any other sport.
Attire
At practice, wrestlers wear shorts, a t-shirt and wrestling shoes. Wrestling shoes (worn only in the wrestling room) are preferred in order to keep our mats in good condition. The club has a collection of hand me down wrestling shoes that you’re welcome to use, but we ask that you return them at the end of the season. If you buy your own shoes and your wrestler grows out of them, we greatly appreciate donated shoes for others in our club to use. You will be responsible for purchasing head gear, which you can get at any local sporting goods store like Dunhams or you can order them on Amazon. Your wrestling will need head gear during live wrestling.
At meets and tournaments, your wrestler will be required to wear wrestling shoes, head gear and a singlet. Mouth guards are recommended, but REQUIRED if the wrestler has braces. The club will provide your singlet, and it must be returned at the end of the season. You may purchase your own custom singlet, which your wrestler is free to wear at tournaments, but we ask that they wear the team singlet to our team meets.
Practice
Practice will always be indoors on wrestling mats which are cleaned on a regular basis. Practices consist of warm ups, conditioning, instruction and occasionally, games (which are actually “conditioning in disguise”). You will probably notice that there is often times more conditioning than most other youth sports. This is because wrestling is an extremely taxing sport physically. In competition at this level, bouts consist of three one minute periods. During these three minutes, your child will exert every ounce of energy they have, and they could sometimes have several bouts in a day. The better conditioned they are, the better a chance they have of lasting through (and hopefully winning) all their bouts.
Because physical contact is a part of the sport, and several skin conditions are generally associated with contact sports, we highly recommend your wrestler shower immediately after practice, in addition to any competition. As was already mentioned, our mats are cleaned on a regular basis, and coaches are always looking for possible skin conditions in our wrestlers (and opponents), but it’s best not to take chances and just get them in the shower right away when you get home.
Friendship Meets
Friendship meets are an excellent way for beginner wrestlers to compete amongst peers. Western Wrestling Club usually participates in 3-4 friendship meets each season with other local wrestling clubs in the area. At friendship meets, wrestlers are manually paired up to the best of our ability with opponents of the same ages and weights. Wrestlers usually get anywhere between 1 and 4 bouts throughout the evening. Officials are usually comprised of high school wrestlers. It is really a great opportunity to learn about competing in the sport and understanding the rules.
Tournaments
These are generally individual competitions, but on occasion, we will attend tournaments as a club and have coaches available for your wrestler. The club will send out notifications and post on the web site when we are attending a tournament as a team. In any tournament, your wrestler will be assigned to a bracket, which is a grouping of wrestlers with similar weights and ages. Most tournaments award trophies or medals to wrestlers who place first through fourth in their bracket. Some beginners tournaments award medals to all wrestlers in a bracket. All tournaments require registration (online), have a registration fee and charge an admission fee at the door for spectators. This is because most tournaments are fundraisers for the club holding them. This is true for our club’s tournament as well. Tournaments are usually on Saturdays or Sundays.
You may have noticed the word “Beginners” in the paragraph above, this is a special type of tournament where only first, second or third year wrestlers are allowed to enter. As a first year parent, if you decide to participate in travel wrestling, you’ll probably want to focus on this type of tournament. The most common type of Beginner's tournament is first and second year experience only. On occasion there is a “True Beginner's” tournament where only first year wrestlers are allowed to enter and there are a few Beginner's Tournaments which allow third year wrestlers to compete. The beginner's classification is based on experience only. You can enter beginner's tournaments at any age as long as you meet the experience requirements (in your first, second or third year depending on the tournament). You are still grouped by age and weight, and generally, the older you get in beginner's, the smaller your brackets will be. Most Beginner's tournaments also will not allow you to enter if you’ve placed first, second or third in an Open tournament (described below). The thing to remember about Beginner's is that all clubs and organizations who run tournaments have different rules, so you will have to read the registration form closely to make sure your wrestler qualifies to enter. Most beginner tournaments use an “Honor System” for weights, meaning you write your wrestler’s weight on the registration form, and they trust you to tell the truth. However, if an opponent challenges your weight, and you don’t come within so many pounds of that weight (usually 2), you will be disqualified from the tournament, so it’s best to be honest (and that’s what’s best for your wrestler too, cheating will not make them better).
Most other tournaments are Open. There are no restrictions on who may enter. The competition in most Open tournaments is very tough and you will usually see many more entrants than in beginners. Almost all Open tournaments require weigh-ins. Some allow weigh-ins the morning of the tournament, but most require it 2-3 days in advance so they can accurately create the brackets. When you fill out the registration, you will put down your wrestler’s current weight. When they weigh-in in advance, if they don’t make that weight, they will usually allow you to change weight classes (sometimes for a small fee). However, if you opt for the day of weigh-in and your wrestler does not make weight, typically the tournament will disqualify you. This is why it’s best to weigh-in in advance when possible. Usually tournaments will set up several “satellite” weigh-in locations 2-3 days before the tournament. Western is most often an approved satellite location so weigh-ins can occur in the wrestling room and a club representative will submit weights for you.
Types of Tournaments
Round-Robin Tournament
Typically, your child will be in a 4, 5 or 6 wrestler bracket. They will wrestle everyone in their bracket once. Usually, the wrestler with no losses gets first place, one loss gets second place, two losses gets third place, three losses gets fourth place, etc. Occasionally, the standings will not work out this cleanly, and wrestler A could beat wrestler B, wrestler B could beat wrestler C, and wrestler C could beat wrestler A. When this happens, and wrestlers have matching records (in the above case, all wrestlers are 1-1), the standings are determined by a series of tie breakers. Tie breakers are usually things like head to head, total points (pin is 2 points and major decision is 1 point), quickest pins, etc. Tie breakers usually vary by tournament. It is very common in Round Robin to see the “Madison Weight System”. Instead of grouping wrestlers into fixed weight size brackets (e.g. 55, 60, 65, 73, 84…), the tournament organizer will take all the weights in a division, order them from lowest to highest, then split out brackets based on how many wrestlers they want in each bracket. For example, if there are wrestlers who weigh 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 50, 51, and 52 lbs, and the tournament wants 4 man brackets, then 45, 46, 48 and 49 would be in Bracket A and 50, 50, 51 and 52 would be in Bracket B, and it would go on like that for all the wrestlers in each division. There is almost always an allowance on how far apart wrestler’s weights can be in a Madison bracket. For example, in the scenario above, if wrestlers are only allowed to be 3 lbs apart in any bracket, Bracket A would be 45, 46 and 48 (because 49 is 4 lbs heavier than 45), Bracket B would be 49, 50, 50 and 51, and 52 would be bumped into Bracket C. This is done to guarantee no wrestler will be going against somebody too big for them. Because of this, no Madison Weight Bracket tournament will ever have a “perfect setup” where all brackets have the same number of wrestlers.
Double Elimination Tournament
Bracket sizes can range from 4 wrestlers all the way to 32, however, 8-16 is much more common. In Double Elimination, there are essentially two brackets, Championship and Consolation. Everyone starts in the Championship bracket, if they lose, they drop to the Consolation bracket. If they lose in the Consolation bracket (which would be their second loss), they are eliminated from the tournament. The championship bracket will culminate in the Championship match, where 1st and 2nd place are determined. The consolation bracket culminates in the Consolation final, where 3rd and 4th place are determined. On occasion, you may see a Double Elimination bracket where a wrestler can drop to the consolation bracket, but then fight their way back into championship bracket (however this is not very common). Double Elimination tournaments almost always use a “fixed weight” system, meaning there are brackets for fixed weight classes like 55, 60, 65, 73, 84, etc. In that example, if your wrestler weighs 63 lbs, they would be in the 65 lb bracket.
Tournament Age Groupings
As mentioned previously, wrestlers are matched by age and weight in tournaments. Tournaments generally have 4 age groupings at the youth level. It is worth noting that these groupings or divisions are completely defined by the tournament director, so make sure to read the registration form closely.
Scoring
At first, you will have no idea how your child’s matches are being scored. It is very confusing and somewhat overwhelming during your first year. However, it’s much simpler than it seems. The main objective of wrestling is to pin your opponent. In the process you will get points for different things that you do. If no one is pinned at the end of the bout, the wrestler with the most points wins.
There are three positions a wrestler can be in during a bout: offensive, defensive or neutral. The offensive wrestler is in control and usually on top of the defensive wrestler. The defensive wrestler is fighting to become the offensive wrestler by gaining control. Neutral is when neither wrestler has control (no one is clearly offensive or defensive yet). All bouts start with both wrestlers neutral.
Ways to Score
Takedown - 2 points - Scored when a wrestler gains control and becomes the offensive wrestler from the neutral stance. Control is defined as getting behind the opponent and taking them to the mat or taking them directly to their back without getting behind them and becoming the offensive wrestler.
Reversal - 2 points - Awarded to a wrestler when they go from the defensive position to the offensive position and take control away from the opponent. If a wrestler is on the bottom and gets to the top without an escape, they are awarded a reversal.
Escape - 1 point - Scored when a defensive wrestler gets away from the offensive wrestler and becomes neutral. This happens most commonly when a wrestler chooses to start on the bottom in the 2nd or 3rd period.
Near Fall (3 second) - 2 points - When you have your opponent on their back, and their back is at an angle to the mat of 45 degrees or less, the referee will start waving their hand to signify a count. If the angle is maintained for 3 seconds, the offensive wrestler is awarded 2 points.
Near Fall (5 second) - 3 points - Same as a 3 second near fall, but the 45 degree angle must be maintained for a 5 second count. After a 3 point near fall is awarded, no more near falls will be awarded until the defensive wrestler gets off their back, and then is moved back into a new near fall.
Penalty - 1 point to opponent - There are several penalties which would cause a referee to award a penalty point to your opponent. Locking hands is most common, and you will see the ref clasp their hands together in the air right before they award the penalty. Other penalty points can be awarded for things like stalling (not trying to get a pin, doing nothing to maintain a point lead, not trying to gain control), swearing, kicking, scratching, biting, hitting, body slamming, or bending any body part beyond it’s normal range of motion (you may hear this referred to as “potentially dangerous” and it will stop the bout temporarily).
How Score is Kept
At the beginning of a bout, your child will put on a green or red ankle band. You will also notice the referee has two wrist bands on, green and red. When a wrestler scores points, you will see the referee raise the hand with the corresponding color of the wrestler’s ankle band and hold up the number of points scored. There are two scorekeepers at the table, one running the scoreboard and another tracking the bout on the scorecard to ensure accuracy. The scoreboard will always have green and red scores, and the person running the scoreboard will adjust the score based on the color wristband the ref is holding up and the number of points he is indicating.
Types of Victories
Based on how you win your bout, the win can be categorized in several ways.
Pin/Fall - Can happen at any time in a bout and ends the bout. At the referee’s discretion, if both shoulders of the defensive wrestler are touching the mat, the wrestler is pinned.
Technical Fall - Also can happen at any time in the bout, when one wrestler takes a 15 point or greater lead, the bout is over and the wrestler is awarded a technical fall.
Major Decision - Can only happen when the match is over, awarded when a wrestler wins by 8-14 points.
Decision - Can only happen when the match is over, awarded when a wrestler wins by 1-7 points.
Forfeit - A forfeit victory is awarded when a wrestler does not have an opponent to wrestle (usually because their opponent didn’t show up).
Disqualification - A wrestler wins a match by disqualification when the opponent is disqualified from the match because of too many penalties or when a wrestler is illegally injured by an opponent’s illegal hold and cannot continue wrestling.
Bout Length
Bouts at the youth level almost always consist of three one minute periods. On the rare occasion a youth tournament will deviate from this, maybe to a 1.5-1.5-1.5, it would almost always be in the older age groups. Again, make sure to read the registration form closely. As a first year parent, it’s a safe bet ALL of your child’s bouts will be 1-1-1.
In the event of a tie, the bout will go to a “sudden victory” overtime. In this overtime, both wrestlers will start neutral, and the first wrestler to score will win the bout.
Conclusion
Again, best advice, ask, ask, ask! Next best advice...patience. You will not get wrestling overnight. When you do, it’s almost addictive. Making the transition from a parent asking questions to a parent answering questions is also a great feeling. Wrestling is a HUGE commitment as a parent, but if you make that commitment to your child, I can guarantee it is worth it for both of you.